CPI回落至“1”区间 为宏观政策“稳增长”创造有利条件******
中国网财经12月10日讯(记者 李春晖)昨日(9日)国家统计局公布了11月份全国CPI(居民消费价格指数)数据，CPI同比上涨1.6%，涨幅比上月回落0.5个百分点，重回“1”区间。这已经是CPI同比涨幅连续两个月较快回落。
(图片来源：国家统计局网站)
“除上年同期基数抬高外，11月CPI同比涨幅回落主要源于当前猪肉已进入价格见顶回落阶段，蔬菜价格下跌也是一个重要原因。”东方金诚首席宏观分析师王青表示。
国家统计局数据显示，11月份食品价格同比上涨3.7%，涨幅比上月回落3.3个百分点。食品中，猪肉价格上涨34.4%，涨幅比上月回落17.4个百分点。鲜菜价格下降21.2%，降幅比上月扩大13.1个百分点。
“猪肉价格在前期涨幅较大的情况下，受疫情及天气影响需求转弱，加上中央储备猪肉投放工作继续开展，导致预期有所扭转，前期压栏惜售行为转为集中出栏。今冬天气晴好且偏暖，供给充沛导致蔬菜价格下降。”中国民生银行首席经济学家温彬表示。
与此同时，11月扣除食品和能源价格、更能反映整体物价水平的核心CPI继续处于低位：同比上涨0.6%，涨幅与上月相同。
“(核心CPI走低)显示当前整体物价形势稳定。这与欧美高通胀形成鲜明对比，将继续为国内宏观政策‘以我为主’提供重要支撑。”王青表示。
今年以来，面对外部环境的高通胀压力，我国通过一系列政策合力，始终保持着相对温和的通胀水平。
“进入到下半年，通胀整体呈现‘两高两低’特征。”温彬表示，“两高”是指外部输入通胀高，食品能源通胀高，“两低”是指核心通胀低，工业品通胀持续走低，表明经济与通胀面临一定的结构性矛盾。
中共中央政治局12月6日召开会议，分析研究2023年经济工作。会议提出“突出做好稳增长、稳就业、稳物价工作”、“推动经济运行整体好转”。12月7日，国务院联防联控机制发布了疫情防控“新十条”，对风险区划定和管理、核酸检测、隔离方式等提出了进一步的优化要求，最大限度减少疫情对经济社会发展的影响。
政治局会议传递出稳增长的重要信号，疫情防控政策也进一步优化，分析人士认为，明年财政政策和货币政策将朝着稳增长方向加码发力、协调配合。而CPI涨幅的回落，为这些政策的实施创造了有利条件。
“综合考虑整体经济运行态势及商品和服务市场供需平衡状况，2023年在全球通胀降温趋势下，国内消费反弹带来的潜在通胀风险也不大。这意味着年底前后货币、财政政策都具备在稳增长方向适度发力的空间。”王青表示。
温彬表示，展望2023年，我国通胀仍将保持温和水平，随着疫情防控放松促进需求回升，通胀中枢大概率小幅升高。主要特点为：一是外部输入型通胀压力缓和；二是疫情防控优化，社会整体需求回暖，核心通胀将由目前的超低区间逐步均值回归；三是食品与能源安全边际高，非核心通胀保持温和；四是工业品价格仍存在一定通缩压力。
中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事****** 中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。  资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。 日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。 日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。 事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。 因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。 日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。 《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。 德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。 日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。 国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。 太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business By John Lee (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year. Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business. The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster. On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year. The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public. In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run. Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public. The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution. The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community. The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses. According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan. As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment. However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact. Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad. The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies. If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence. 
|
